Browsing by Author "Tsegaye Zebenu"

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    Magnitude and Associated Factors of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome among Neonates Admitted to Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia
    (2025-05-01) Tsegaye Zebenu
    Abstract Background: Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) remains a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia. Despite global efforts to reduce perinatal complications, MAS continues to pose significant clinical challenges, especially in resource-constrained healthcare settings. Understanding its magnitude and associated risk factors is critical for developing effective prevention and management strategies. There is a notable lack of data regarding the burden and contributing factors of MAS among neonates admitted to Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, a key referral center in Southeast Ethiopia. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by assessing the magnitude and associated factors of MAS in this setting. Objective: To assess the magnitude and associated factors of meconium aspiration syndrome among neonates admitted to Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia, from September 2024 to November 2025. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was employed and a total of 295 neonates were included in the analysis. The diagnosis of meconium aspiration syndrome was made based on clinical criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the magnitude of MAS. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with MAS. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval. Result: The magnitude of meconium aspiration syndrome among admitted neonates was 19% at 95% CI. Gestational age of ≥37 weeks was significantly associated with MAS (AOR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.05–5.81; p = 0.039). Exposure to meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) showed a strong association with MAS (AOR = 33.36; 95% CI: 8.61–129.16; p < 0.001). In addition, the requirement for oxygen therapy immediately after birth was also associated with MAS (AOR = 29.41; 95% CI: 5.02–172.37; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Overall, the magnitude of meconium aspiration syndrome was high among admitted neonates. Exposure to meconium-stained amniotic fluid, requirement for oxygen therapy at birth and gestational age were significantly associated with MAS. Understanding these associations is crucial for improving risk assessment, strengthening preventive strategies and optimizing the management of MAS in neonates. Keywords: Neonates, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital,Ethiopia